Improvement in galvanic batteries



.UNITE-1 TATES JEROME KIDDER, OF NEV YORK, N. IY.

IMPROVEMENT IN GALVANlC BATTERIES.

Specification forming part di' Letters Patent No. 116,451, dated June 27, 1871.

`Will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specificatiom My invention consists in a new and improved arrangement of batteries to facilitate the changes required for combining them, either for quantity or for intensity. This arrangement consists in attaching the batteries in rows to a support or supporters, the negative of each battery being connected with the posit-ive of the next battery tln'ougliout each row, and the positives of all the batteries being substantially in one direction and the negatives in the other direction, with facilities both to connect and also to have unconnected the negative of one row with the positive of the next row, and throughout the series of rows; also with facilities to connect and have unconnected the rows of elements or positives with the positives of two or more of the rows, in such a manner as to vary at option the ratio ofthe quantity and intensity of the batteries.

In the sectional elevation, Figure 1, a 1,1 a2 a3 a4 a5 represent the negative elements, as platina, copper, carbon, Btc., constituting positive poles of a series of batteries in a row. b b1 b2 b3 b4 represent the positive elements, as zinc, constituting the negative poles ofthe same series of batteries in a row. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are metallic posts, with screw-cup bolted to the elements ofthe battery. A represents tl-ie cups for holding the liquid. In the plan view, Fig. 2, 1 2 3 4 5 i 7 S 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1S 19 20 21 22 23 24 are rows of metallic posts,having screw-cups bolted to the several elements in each row, as described in Fig. 1. B B1 B2 are metallic strips. C C1 C2 G3 C4 C5 are pieces of cork. Fig. 3, V V V V V V V V V' V V V are metallic strips or wires, each connecting` two rows of posts with screwcups. Fig. 4, V V V" V" V Vfare metallic strips or wires, each connecting four rows of posts with screw-cups.

c b constitute the elements of the first battery in the series; al b1 the elements of the second, a2 b2 the elements of the third, a3 b2i the elements tery, in the rst row.

of the fourth, c4 b4 the elements of the fifth hatlhe negative elements, but positive pole al, of the first battery is connected metallically to the screw-cup 1, and the positive element b, but negative pole, is connected metallica-lly to the screw-cup 2, which is also connected metallically to the positive pole of the next battery,ct1, and the negative pole b1or this next battery, is connected with the screw-cup 3, and so on, the negative pole of one battery being connected with the screw-cup so as to represent also the positive pole of the next battery in the series. The first positive pole and the last negative pole in the row stand by themselves, to be connected at option with the unlike pole of an adjoining row. The polos of all the rows parallel to the first are connected in like manner, their positives bein g all in one direction and their negatives in the other.

To operate the battery for greatest intensity, I use the batteries as shown in Fig. 2, where the last pole 6 (negative) of the first row is connected by the metallicl strip B to the positive 7 of the second row. The negative 12 of this second row is connected by the metallic strip B1 to the positive 13 of the third row, and the negative 18 of the third row is connected to the positive 19 of the fourth row, the lirst pole 1 being the positive, and the last pole 24 being the negative, of the entire number of batteries thus operating for the highest intensity. In Fig. 3 I have represented one way to operate the battery for the quantity, in which the wires V V V V V Vunite the poles ofthe first and second rows transversely in such a way that positives are conn ected with positives and negatives with negatives, thus virtually doubling the surface of the battery by uniting like poles. Also, the wires V V V' V V V unite transversely the like poles of the third and fourth rows. And these doubled rows are connected-the negatives 6 and 12 of the rst and second rows doubled by the metallic strip B1 to the positive 13 and 19 of the third and fourth rows, doubled likewise; the positive pole of t-he doubled series being 1 and 7 and the negative being 18 and 24, giving doublethe quantity and halt' the intensity of the arrangement as in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents another plan for increasing quantity, in which all the rows are connected transversely by the wires V2 V2 Vz V2 V2 V2, the positives of each row being connected with'the adjoining positives of the lateral row, and the negative with the negative7 making virtually a series of five batteries, but each battery having four times the amount of surface of the elements as in the irst arrangement, giving four times the quantity and only one-fourth the in tensity ofthe :first arrangement. The positive pole of this last combination is l 7 .13 19; the negative is 6 l2 18 24, any one of these, or the Wire connecting; them.

l. desire to disclaim any novelty in the idea of connecting,` galvanio batteries to produce either quantity or intensity currents7 as this has been Well known in electrical science for a long time.

Having thus described my invention, IY claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentpurpose specied.

JEROME RIDDER.

Witnesses:

GEo. W. MABEE, ALEX. F. ROBERTS. 

